What is the purpose of Gray code in binary systems?

Gray code is a binary numeral system where two successive values differ in only one bit, which is particularly useful in various applications to avoid errors during transitions. The primary purpose of Gray code in binary systems is to prevent ambiguous transitions, especially in situations where data needs to be read accurately by electronic devices.

For instance, when a rotating encoder is used to measure the position of a shaft, it is crucial that the transition between values does not result in misreading due to multiple bits changing at once. If regular binary were used, a change from one value to the next could involve significant bit changes simultaneously, leading to possible misinterpretation of the current value. Gray code, by changing only one bit at a time, ensures that the system can reliably detect the transition.

This characteristic makes Gray code advantageous in digital systems, such as rotary encoders, where clarity of position detection is required. In such applications, incorrect readings can lead to performance issues or equipment damage, making the unique transition property of Gray code highly valuable.