What is the primary function of a transformer?

The primary function of a transformer is to change voltage levels in an electrical circuit. Transformers operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction and are designed to either step up (increase) or step down (decrease) the voltage of alternating current (AC). This voltage adjustment is essential for various applications, such as power distribution, where high voltages are used for efficient long-distance transmission, and lower voltages are needed for safe consumption in homes and businesses.

Transformers do not filter noise, convert AC to DC, or store energy. These functions are served by other types of electrical equipment, such as filters for noise reduction, rectifiers for converting AC to DC, and capacitors or inductors for energy storage. Understanding the specific purpose of a transformer is crucial for anyone studying electrical systems, as it plays a key role in ensuring that electricity is delivered and utilized effectively and safely.