What is the primary function of an operational amplifier (op-amp)?

The primary function of an operational amplifier (op-amp) is to amplify voltage. Op-amps are versatile and widely used components in electronic circuits that can take a small input voltage and produce a larger output voltage. They are designed to amplify the difference between two input voltages, enabling them to serve various roles in signal processing, such as voltage amplification, filtering, and mathematical operations like addition, subtraction, integration, and differentiation.

The amplification is achieved by the internal circuitry of the op-amp, which typically includes high gain and negative feedback mechanisms that stabilize the output. The ability to amplify voltage makes op-amps essential in applications where signal conditioning or enhancement is necessary.

In contrast, converting AC to DC, reducing noise, and regulating current are specific tasks that may utilize op-amps but are not their primary functions. Converting AC to DC is typically achieved by rectifiers, reducing noise may involve filters, and regulating current often requires dedicated current regulators or control circuits. Thus, while op-amps can play a role in these processes, their fundamental purpose is voltage amplification.